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Toroidal ordering of artificial magnetic systems by spontaneous symmetry breaking

Artificial magnetic structures with periodic magnetic ordering – artificial magnetic crystals – are potential media for magnetic waves. Creating order in artificial 2D magnetic structures is problematic due to the large energy barriers between many metastable states. We have studied the reduction of these energy barriers by applying an out-of-plane magnetic field. The out-of-plane field partially rotates the magnetic…

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Observation of titanium-like nano-filament in TiO2 memristor using superconducting electrode(s) and Andreev spectroscopy

A thin TiO2 semiconductor layer embedded between two metal electrodes is known to work as a memory cell, the famous memristor. To work as a memristor, the structure is formed by soft breakdown which creates a conducting nano-filament penetrating through the poorly conducting TiO2 and connecting the electrodes conductively. Previous works determined the number of…

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